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Praprotnik, B., Driesel, W., Dietzsch, Chr., Niedrig, H.

HV-TEM in-situ investigations of the tip shape of indium liquid metal ion emitter
Surface Science 314, pp 353-364 (1994)
An indium liquid metal ion emitter has been observed in-situ in the Halle 1 MeV electron transmission microscope. The investigations have shown deviations from the theoretical shape of the Taylor cone. A linear dependence of the opening angle and the extension of the apex from the emission current was stated. With emission currents greater than 10 μA an extension of the cone\'s apex had been observed. For the first time the dynamical behaviour of a liquid metal ion emitter had been investigated. Microdroplet emission had been observed in the cone\'s surrounding. The radii of microdroplets show a dependence from the field strength and vary between 0.04 and 1.4 μm. Some spatial instabilities of the Taylor cone had been noticed.