1992    
1993    
1994    
1995    
1996    
1997    
1998    
1999    
2000    
2001    
2002    
2003    
2004    
2005    
2006    
2007    
2008    
2009    
2010    
2011    
2012    
2013    
2014    
2015    
2016    
Nielsch, K., Müller, F., Liu, G., Wehrspohn, R. B., Gösele, U. and Fischer, S. F., Kronmüller, H.

Magnetic nanowire arrays obtained by electro-deposition in ordered alumina templates
Electrochemical Society Proceedingspp 13 (Eds.) Andricacos, P. C., Searson, P. C., Reidsema-Simpson, C., Allongue, P., Stickney, J.L. and Oleszek, G. M.,Pennington, USA (2000)
Nickel and Cobalt nanowires were grown in highly ordered pores of anodic alumina membranes using pulsed electrodeposition. The hexagonally arranged pore matrices were fabricated by self-patterning in two successive anodization processes. Before the filling process, the insulating barrier layer at the bottom of the membrane was thinned homogeneously by current-limited anodization steps. During the deposition from a Watts bath two short millisecond deposition pulses were applied, followed by a comparatively long delay time to attain quite a high metal ion concentration at the deposition interface. This technique yielded completely metal-filled alumina membranes, wich were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The magnetic behavior of the metal-filled nano-pore arrays was characterized by SQUID-magnetometer measurements and the coupling between the nanowires was analyzed.